Invivo in vitro的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列免費下載的地點或者是各式教學

運用仿生支架進行骨軟骨修復組織工程的生物設計策略

為了解決Invivo in vitro的問題，作者Swathi Nedunchezian 這樣論述：

Acknowledgment iii摘要 vAbstract viiList of figures xiii1. Chapter One 1Introduction 11.1 Problem statement 11.1.1 Articular cartilage 31.1.2 Structure and composition of articular cartilage 31.1.3 Articular cartilage defect 51.2. Surgical techniques for cartilage and Osteochondral repair

currently in use 61.2.1 Bone marrow techniques 61.2.2 Mosaiplasty 81.2.3 Autologous chondrocyte implantation method 91.2.4 Matrix induced autologous chondrocyte implantation 111.3. Tissue engineering approaches to Osteochondral defect repair 121.3.1 Scaffold and hydrogel-based cell delivery 1

41.4. Cell source for tissue engineering purposes 161.4.1 Chondrocyte cells 161.4.2 Adult somatic stem cells 171.4.3 Bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSCs) 181.4.4 Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 191.5 Scaffolds and hydrogels for tissue engineering 211.5.1 Natural hydrogels in cartilage tiss

ue engineering 251.6. Crosslinking of hydrogel for tissue engineering purpose 291.6.2 Silicon-dioxide Nanoparticle as crosslinkers in tissue engineering 341.6.3 Interaction of SiO2 nanoparticle with adipose-derived stem cells 361.7 Bio ceramics for Osteochondral tissue engineering and regenerati

on 371.7.1 Bio ceramics in Tissue engineering applications 371.7.2 Applications of bioceramics in Osteochondral tissue engineering 391.8 Research Objectives 421.8.1 The specific aims of this thesis are as follows: 43Chapter Two 44Characteristic and chondrogenic differentiation analysis of hybr

id hydrogels comprise of hyaluronic acid methacryloyl (HAMA), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and the acrylate functionalized nano-silica crosslinker 442.1 Introduction 442.2 Materials and methods 522.2.1 Materials 522.2.2 Synthesis of HAMA hydrogel 522.2.4 Synthesis of acrylate functionalized nS

i crosslinker (AFnSi) 532.2.5 Identification of the synthesis HAMA and GelMA 542.2.6 Production of hybrid hydrogels 552.2.7 Identification of the synthesis AFnSi cross-linker 552.2.8 Fabrication of HG hybrid hydrogels 562.2.9.Swelling ratio evaluation 562.2.10 The microstructure morphology ana

lysis 572.2.11 Mechanical properties evaluation 572.2.12 In vitro degradation assay by hyaluronidase 582.2.13 Isolation and culturing of hADSCs 592.2.14 Cell viability assay 602.2.15 Chondrogenic marker gene expression 612.2.15 Quantification of DNA, sGAG deposition and collagen type Ⅱ synthes

is 622.2.16 Statistical analysis 632.3. Results and Discussion 632.3.1.Identification of the synthesis HAMA and GelMA 632.3.2 Identification of the AFnSi crosslinker 672.3.3 Swelling ratio of HG hybrid hydrogels 702.3.4 Morphological examination of HG hybrid hydrogels 722.3.5 Compressive stud

y of HG hybrid hydrogels 752.3.6.Viscoelastic property of HG hybrid hydrogel 782.3.7. Degradation study of HG hybrid hydrogels 812.3.8.Cell viability evaluation of hADSCs on HG hybrid hydrogels 822.3.8. Chondrogenic differentiation ability of HG hybrid hydrogels 852.4. Conclusion 90Chapter Thr

ee 92Multilayer-based scaffold for Osteochondral defect regeneration in the rabbit model 923.1 Introduction 923.2 Materials and methods 963.2.1 Preparation and Characterization of the 3D bioceramic scaffold by DLP method 963.2.2 Cell isolation and culture 973.2.3 Fabrication of the cell-laden

hydrogel/ 3D bioceramic scaffolds mimicking the Osteochondral tissue. 983.2.4 Surgery 983.2.5 Macroscopic Examination 993.2.6 Tissue Processing for paraffin block 993.2.7 Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation 1003.2.8 Masson’s trichrome stain 1013.3 Results and discussion 1023.3.1 C

haracterization of the 3D bioceramic scaffold by DLP method 1023.3.2 Fabrication of the hydrogel with hADSCs into the 3D bioceramic scaffold 1043.3.3 In-vivo studies using rabbit as an animal model 1053.3.5 Histological evaluation of neocartilage formation 1073.3.6 Masson’s trichrome staining an

alysis for neocartilage formation 1093.4. Conclusion 110Chapter four 1104.1 General discussion 1124.2 Future work 1134.2.1 Macroscopic Observation of neocartilage formation for 8 weeks 1145.Reference 115

可羅素蛋白調控心肌細胞鈣離子恆定與電生理重塑

為了解決Invivo in vitro的問題，作者洪元 這樣論述：

前言:心房顫動(atrial fibrillation, AF)是一種常見的心律不整，會增加不良心血管事件的風險，例如心衰竭和中風。肺靜脈(pulmonary vein, PV)是誘發AF 異位搏動的重要來源。一些病生理狀況，如衰老、發炎、高血壓、冠狀動脈疾病、心衰竭和慢性腎臟病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)，可能導致細胞內鈣離子調控出現異常和結構重塑，導致AF的發生。可羅素蛋白(Klotho)是一種多功能蛋白，具有顯著的心血管作用，在CKD患者中血清裡的Klotho濃度較低。流行病學研究報導，較高的血清Klotho濃度與較少的AF 發生有關，而較低的血清Klot

ho濃度與終末期腎病患者的AF 發生相關。然而，關於Klotho在AF病理生理學中的作用並未被廣泛研究。磷酸肌醇3-激酶(phosphoinositide 3-kinases, PI3K)是脂質激酶，而PI3K可以透過活化下游Akt等其他訊息傳遞路徑來調節鉀離子、鈉離子和鈣離子通道，在心肌細胞的心律不整中扮演至關重要的角色。部分研究顯示Klotho可以調控PI3K-Akt路徑改變細胞表現與離子流變化。目的:在這項研究中，我們假設Klotho可能透過PI3K-Akt訊息傳遞路徑調節離子電流和鈣離子恆定來調節PV 電生理特性，且這反應在CKD 的兔子中可能更為顯著。材料方法:我們使用傳統的微電極和

全細胞膜片鉗技術來研究Klotho給藥前後大白兔PV心肌組織和單一心肌細胞的動作電位和離子電流。並使用西方點墨法研究了PI3K-Akt訊息傳遞路徑。結果:Klotho在較高濃度（1.0 和 3.0 ng/mL）下顯著降低了PV組織的異位節律自動跳頻率。在存在Akt抑制劑(10 uM)的情況下，Klotho(1.0 和3.0 ng/mL)不會改變PV電生理活動。Klotho(1.0 ng/mL)顯著降低晚鈉離子電流(INa-Late)和L型鈣電流(ICa-L)，與 Akt 抑制劑(10 uM) 相似。西方點墨法顯示，與未經Klotho處理的心肌細胞相比，經Klotho (1.0 ng/mL)處理

的PV心肌細胞的Akt(Ser473)磷酸化較少。 與對照PV相比，低濃度（0.1 和0.3 ng/mL）的Klotho顯著降低了CKD PV的自動跳頻率並降低了去極化後延遲的幅度。結論:Klotho透過抑制PI3K-Akt訊息傳遞路徑來調節離子電流與改變PV 組織電生理活動，這些作用在CKD 組中比對照組更為明顯。這些發現可能為CKD誘導的心律不整發生提供新的見解。