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Reading Colonies-Property and Control of the British Far East

為了解決APEX Discord的問題，作者R.B.E. Price 這樣論述：

　　BY 1945, EVERYWHERE ONE LOOKED IN THE FAR EAST THE BRITISH EMPIRE WAS BEING OPENLY QUESTIONED OR WAS FAILING OUTRIGHT. YET IN THE PREVIOUS CENTURY, THE BRITISH HAD BEEN THE PRE-EMINENT IMPERIAL POWER FROM WEIHAIWEI TO NORTH BORNEO. 　　READING COLONIES: PROPERTY AND CONTROL OF THE BRITISH FAR EAST

INVESTIGATES HOW THE BRITISH HELD ON FOR SO LONG. RENT CONTROL LEGISLATION, AND OTHER MEASURES OF PROPERTY LAW SUCH AS LAND IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ARE NOMINATED AS KEY TOOLS USED TO FRUSTRATE DECOLONIZATION IN MOST EASTERN COLONIES. BRITISH COLONIAL ADMINISTRATIONS TRIED LONG AND HARD TO INHIBIT

THE DIALECTICAL DISCORD BETWEEN THEIR COLONIAL HIERARCHISM AND LOCAL FORMS OF NATIONALISM WITH THE PROMPTS AND PLAUDITS OF PROPERTY POLICY. IN CASES WHERE INDIGENOUS LANDLORDISM MASQUERADED AS PATRIOTISM, INDEPENDENCE CAME QUICKLY (CEYLON AND BURMA). WHERE PUBLIC HOUSING ESTABLISHED ITSELF AS A KEY

POST-WAR PLANK OF SOCIAL POLICY, FREEDOM FROM BRITISH RULE WAS A MORE GRADUAL AFFAIR (BRITISH MALAYA AND HONG KONG). 　　THIS STUDY CONCLUDES THAT BRITISH COLONIAL REGIMES DID NOT OFFER A SHARE OF THEIR INDUSTRIAL MODERNITY TO STAY AT THE APEX OF POLITICAL POWER, BUT READILY ADJUSTED OLD-STYLE LANDL

ORDISM TO KEEP NATIONALIST USURPERS AT BAY. 作者簡介 R.B.E. Price 　　Rohan B.E. Price is a Lecturer-at-Law in the School of Law and Justice at Southern Cross University. He holds a PhD in British property law policy in Hong Kong between the world wars and is also the acclaimed biographer of Philip Ja

cks, Hong Kong Land Officer. Rohan has enjoyed extensive stints teaching and researching in China. He has written widely on law and policy issues in modern China and Hong Kong for many well-regarded journals and reviews. Chapter 1    The Limits of Theory Chapter 2    Reading Colonies via P

roperty Policy Chapter 3    Judicial Autonomy and Post-War Rent Control Chapter 4    Property as Anti-Nationalism or Failing Geopolitics Chapter 5    Reading Capital, Reading Colonies Chapter 6    Codas Foreword 　　Rohan Price's Reading Colonies-Property and Control of the British Far East is a ri

ch journey through the labyrinthine worlds of the nineteenth and early twentieth-century British Far East, of Chinese exceptionalism, decolonization, the politics of race, and the Eurocentricity of Marxist thinking. These intellectual worlds are not my especial areas of expertise, yet I embarked on

this adventure with confidence and enthusiasm, guided by Price's engaging prose, and a unifying theme that I did have some knowledge of the: the Anglo common law of property, and its adaptations to the intricacies and nuances of Britain's Far Eastern colonies and concessions.  　　What is beguiling y

et so satisfying about Reading Colonies is its invocation of a disappeared time and place. This book presents a rare opportunity to immerse oneself in faraway legal geographies, to spatio-temporal contexts where time is distant, yet space is somehow comfortably proximate. Like Sarah Keenan's explana

tion of the diaspora in Subversive Property (Routledge, 2015), the removed place one inhabits in reading this book is a marvellously erudite and colourful locale, detached in its history, yet accessible in its geography. In its linear way, the common law of property law is the tool that takes the re

ader from then to now. Price’s deep and historical understanding of property, the politics of property, and its place in what was the British Far East, keeps this diverse and complex construct together. It informs the contours of a narrative that is important for scholars to tell. 　　Central to this

book is the argument that "law, in the form of property policy, kept colonial administrations... in charge by alternately deflecting bourgeois and subaltern nationalism at points when their claims seemed to presage decolonization". In particular, Price identifies and evidentially cites the British

use of rent control as pivotal, a tenurial device he terms a "dialectical inhibitor". By freezing rent and guaranteeing low-cost, long-term tenures, "colonial administrations of the East offered an interpellating invitation to citizens to constitutes themselves as statutory tenants in order to stave

off the appeal of communist political positions and prod bourgeois nationalist exponents into muted positions on the timing of decolonization". With enormous attention to historic, theoretical, and political detail, Price portrays property as a bulwark of colonial control, a pragmatic institution t

hat was exploited skillfully. It is this feature: the setting of common law property in its colonial milieu, a captivating and exotic blend of time and place, that makes this book (from my myopic propertied lens at least) such a compelling and important contribution to the literature. 　　In closing,

I note that Rohan and I are colleagues at the School of Law and Justice at Southern Cross University. We share the everyday landscape of faculty. Away from that everyday, my foray into Reading Colonies-Property and Control of the British Far East provided a glimpse into another scholarly landscape,

one we share through common membership. This book presents a comprehensive, at times nostalgic, yet above all insightful perspective, a window into the British Far East. I am delighted to pen these introductory remarks to my colleague’s fine work, and trust that you will enjoy the journey ahead.

John Page Associate Professor School of Law and Justice Southern Cross University 12 December 2016 1 The Limits of Theory Introduction By merely identifying class struggle, Marx did not distinguish himself from a hoard of earlier historians. By attaching the existence of classes to particular

phases of production throughout history, however, he did something unique: he proposed that the antagonism between the relations of production was what propelled history from one epoch (or historical phase of production) to another. The interaction of thesis and antithesis produced a new form follow

ing evolutionary science. Yet Balibar conceded that the science of history was a problematic idea because Marx had not always been perfectly explicit about his conception of history. Marxists serially underperform on the impact of nationalism and its decolonizing implications on dialectical process

out East. The narcissistic allure of Eurocentrism and the historiographical deficit of good writing on quasi-colonial China are, of course, one and the same thing. Yet the impetus, provided by racist belief in the superiority of Western industrialism, for the installation of an unbridled industriali

st-capitalist mode of production in China was weak when compared to its dominance in other spheres of British colonial influence. This lack of colonial selfassurance had big, and largely underrated, implications for how race and antithetical positions on Home Rule informed colonial practices in the

Eastern Empire.

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用蛋白質組學方法鑑定係統性紅斑狼瘡患者血漿差異表達蛋白及其功能預測

為了解決APEX Discord的問題，作者羅詩謎 這樣論述：

全身紅斑性狼瘡 (SLE) 是一種慢性發炎且病程複雜的自體免疫性疾病，會讓免疫系統產生誤判並錯誤地攻擊健康組織，其發病的原因至今不明，此病不僅會影響皮膚、關節、腎臟、大腦，也會影響其他器官。人體的血漿包含超過十倍濃度的蛋白質與滲漏組織，這些蛋白質的數量及組成的變化在人體各種疾病中扮演著重要角色，血清或血漿中蛋白質表達之差異在疾病診斷和專一性治療的生物標記應用上具有潛力。因此，本研究之目標是用蛋白質體學方法鑑定SLE病患與健康對照組之間的血漿蛋白表現量與轉譯後修飾的差異，並驗證具有顯著之蛋白質。針對 19 位 SLE 病情活動度大於 8 、抗雙股 DNA 之抗體力價 ≥1:640、腎臟損傷的

SLE 病人和 12 名健康組進行對照，使用膠體與非膠體之蛋白質體學方法，比較二組血漿蛋白體的差異。利用高解析液相層析電噴灑離子化串聯質譜儀進行無標記定量以及轉譯後修飾分析，鑑定具有顯著差異之蛋白質。利用二者方法比較兩組蛋白質體變化，總共有29種蛋白質在兩種方法中出現顯著差異，其中有21種蛋白如補體C4 ，補體因子H ，載脂蛋白B-100 ，免疫球蛋白重鏈和輕鏈，糖蛋白和幾種急性反應蛋白，在病人血漿中表現量上升 > 1.5-3倍；8 種蛋白包括甲狀腺結合前蛋白，載脂蛋白 J ，纖维蛋白原γ鏈，血红素 α 亞基，血清轉鐵蛋白、血清白蛋白、α1-抗胰蛋白酶、凝血酶等，表現量則下降